In scientific research across biology, chemistry, and pharmaceutical fields, syringe pumps serve as indispensable laboratory assistants. These precision instruments control fluid flow rates and volumes with remarkable accuracy, ensuring reliable liquid delivery for critical experiments. However, many researchers face challenges in selecting appropriate models, operating them correctly, and troubleshooting common issues.

Choosing the appropriate syringe pump is fundamental to experimental success. The optimal selection depends on specific research requirements rather than simply opting for the largest or most expensive model available.

Syringe capacity represents the primary consideration when selecting a pump. Different pump models accommodate varying syringe size ranges:

• Standard ranges: Most commercial syringe pumps support capacities from 0.5 μL to 60 mL, though specific model limitations vary.
• Specialized models: Certain micro-volume pumps, such as the SP-1800, work optimally with syringes ≤10 mL capacity.
• Physical dimensions: While some pumps claim compatibility with large syringes (e.g., 140 mL), actual plunger travel distance may impose practical limits (e.g., 120 mL).

Selection advice:

• Evaluate required syringe capacity ranges for all planned experiments
• For studies requiring multiple syringe sizes, prioritize models with broad compatibility
• Verify physical dimensions of intended syringes before purchase

Flow rate represents a critical operational parameter affecting experimental accuracy. Appropriate range selection ensures reliable performance:

• Maximum flow rates: Different models support varying maximum flow rates. Always select pumps exceeding your maximum required rate by 30-50%.

Reference flow rates for common models (using 60 mL syringes):

Selection advice:

• Determine required minimum and maximum flow rates for all experimental protocols
• Select pumps exceeding maximum requirements with adequate margin
• For gradient elution or complex flow profiles, consider programmable models

Channel quantity determines how many syringes a pump can operate simultaneously:

• Single-channel: Suitable for simple applications like single-component delivery or basic microfluidics
• Multi-channel: Essential for multi-component mixing or parallel microfluidic operations, improving experimental efficiency

Selection advice:

• Match channel count to experimental requirements
• For solution mixing applications, multi-channel systems provide superior performance
• Independent channel control enables complex fluidic manipulations

Modern syringe pumps offer various control interfaces to suit different experimental setups:

• Manual control: Simple knob or button operation for basic applications
• Computer control: RS-232/USB connectivity enables precise parameter setting and data logging
• TTL logic control: Interface with external devices (foot switches, sensors) for automated operation

Selection advice:

• Match control method to experimental complexity
• Computer-controlled models suit precision applications requiring data recording
• TTL-compatible pumps integrate with automated experimental setups

Secondary considerations include:

• Accuracy: Flow rate precision (typically ±0.5-2%)
• Stability: Consistent performance during prolonged operation
• Ergonomics: Intuitive interface design
• Maintenance: Ease of cleaning and servicing
• Manufacturer support: Warranty coverage and technical assistance

Selection advice:

• Evaluate total cost of ownership rather than just purchase price
• Prioritize reputable manufacturers with established service networks

Proper syringe pump operation requires attention to technical details that significantly impact experimental outcomes.

• Select appropriate syringe size for both capacity and pump compatibility
• Thoroughly clean syringes before installation to prevent contamination
• Secure syringes firmly in pump clamps to prevent movement
• Ensure leak-free connections between syringe and delivery tubing

• Accurately input syringe inner diameter for proper flow rate calculation
• Set appropriate flow rates in required units (mL/hour, μL/minute)
• Program total injection volume when needed for automatic stopping
• Select operational mode (constant flow, constant pressure, gradient) matching experimental requirements

• Verify displayed flow rates match programmed values
• Monitor pressure readings (when available) to detect obstructions
• Visually confirm proper plunger movement
• Record operational parameters for experimental documentation

• Power failure: Pumps automatically stop; restart and assess experimental impact after power restoration
• Line blockage: Rising pressure indicates obstructions requiring immediate attention
• Leak detection: Replace compromised syringes and verify connection integrity

Material choice affects experimental outcomes:

• Glass syringes: Chemically inert, suitable for high-purity applications. Special clamps protect fragile glass components from overpressure damage.
• Plastic syringes: Cost-effective for general use; select medical-grade materials to minimize contamination risk.

For multi-component experiments:

• Multi-channel pumps: Models like SP2200, SP1600, or SP1800 enable precise concurrent delivery
• Dual-pump mode: Requires CBL-DUAL cable for synchronized operation of two pumps
• High-precision mixing: Multi-channel pumps with single-motor control provide superior flow synchronization for microfluidics

Reciprocating mode enables uninterrupted delivery:

• Alternates infusion and withdrawal between two pumps using CBL-DUAL cable
• Requires proper address configuration of secondary pump

• RS-232 interfaces enable remote control of flow parameters
• Terminal emulation software facilitates communication
• SP500/SP510 models include required connection cables

• TTL interfaces support footswitch operation for hands-free control
• Lock mode prevents accidental parameter changes (activated by holding "Diameter" button during power-on)

This unique pump variant features:

• Infusion-only operation without withdrawal capability
• No computer interface or volume programming
• Integrated volume tracking functionality

Q: Are glass syringes compatible?
A: Yes, with proper protective clamps to prevent damage from overpressure.

Q: Can pumps mix solutions?
A: Multi-channel pumps or dual-pump configurations enable mixing, with multi-channel systems offering superior precision.

Q: How to achieve continuous infusion?
A: Reciprocating mode with CBL-DUAL cable enables uninterrupted operation.

Q: Computer control options?
A: RS-232 connectivity supports remote operation with terminal emulation software.

Q: Flow rate accuracy issues?
A: Verify syringe diameter settings and check for line obstructions before considering recalibration.

Q: Unusual operational sounds?
A: Confirm proper syringe installation and mechanical integrity before seeking service.

Q: Maintenance procedures?
A: Regular surface cleaning with non-corrosive agents preserves equipment condition.

Sophisticated experimental protocols may require customized pump programming to achieve specialized fluidic control sequences.

Mastering syringe pump selection, operation, and maintenance empowers researchers to conduct precise, reproducible experiments across diverse scientific disciplines. Proper implementation of these techniques enhances experimental efficiency while ensuring reliable results.